Black heads are open comedones. What happens is that the cells that constitute the sebaceous glands (the glands that produce sebum, an oily substance that keeps the skin hydrated and protects it against infection) multiply, and start producing too much sebum. The debris of those cells block the sebaceous gland. Melanin (the pigment that gives skin its color) also deposits there, which renders the comedones black.
To treat comedones, you should first and foremost use oil free cosmetics (including the sunscreen), wash your face only twice a day (washing it more with stimulate sebum production and further worsen the problem) using a mild facial wash.
The following products are used in the treatment of comedones:
Benzoyl peroxide
Azelaic acid
Salicylic acid +/- sulfur and resorcinol
Glycolic acid
Retinoids such as tretinoin, isotretinoin, (Locacid is the trade name available on the market).
If you smoke, quit. Also cut down on dairies and foods high in sugar and fat.
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Annual Checkup
It is recommended that all individuals see a Family Doctor for a full medical examination annually. Adults should get their blood pressure checked (US Preventive Task Force), a flu vaccine (CDC) and more each year.
The American Dental Association recommends dental cleanings for adults at least twice annually. Some stains can only be removed by a professional cleaning.
It’s recommended by the American Academy of Ophthalmology that every adult between the ages of 18 and 80 does an eye examination at least once every two years.
It's recommended by the American Cancer Association that every adult between the age of 20 and 80 does an annual skin screening by a licensed dermatologist.
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